Adam Gussow
3 min readDec 8, 2020

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Just for the conversation, I'd like to parry the four bullet points in your anti-racist consensus:

1) "......The intentional, hate filled racist (e.g., Richard Spencer) is very rare in modern societies and their impact is negligible with respect to how racial inequality is reproduced." AG: It is certainly true that the intentional, hate-filled racist is much less common in America in 2020 than he/she was, say, in 1957 (Little Rock) or 1964 (Freedom Summer in Mississippi). De jure segregation upheld by visible public meanness and hate are a thing of the past, thanks to the hard-earned victories of the CR movement. But those who announced the death of what might be called overt attitudinal racism in 2008 when Obama was elected were rightly chastized for their overoptimism. Turns out that there ARE, in fact, quite a few hate-spewing white folks left in America. SPLC will provide footnotes.

2) "Racism is systemic in our society. Racism cannot be reduced solely to individual behaviors. Racial injustice and racial inequality is reproduced through the policies in public school systems, financial institutions, the criminal justice system, etc." AG: Yes and no. Each of those three arenas--schools, banks, criminal justice--requires a somewhat different analysis, in my view. You are correct that the "anti-racist consensus" does indeed conflate all three arenas. I agree with Bryan Stevenson's analysis of the criminal justice system's inequities in JUST MERCY. It is also clear that many public school systems that serve Black folks are underfunded, thanks in part to a weakened/disappearing tax base in those areas. I don't immediately agree that that phenomenon deserves to be called systemic racism.

3) "We live in a white supremacist society. This means that the cultural, moral, and beauty standards in Western societies are pegged to the category white and to the behaviors of white people....." AG: Whoa! This time-warp argument was valid in 1970, when Toni Morrion's THE BLUEST EYE was published, but, at least in America, the whole tenor of cultural development in the last 50 years has been moving in the opposite direction: towards a widespread public embrace of African Americans as innovators, models, and stewards in the arena of popular culture, especially sports, fashion, music, television, and film. The evidence for this is overwhelming. Leon Wynter's AMERICAN SKIN: POP CULTURE, BIG BUSINESS, AND THE END OF WHITE AMERICA (2002) lays all this out; nothing that has happened in the two decades since diminishes the force of his arguments.

4) "You can be either racist or anti-racist. You can support practices that address racism, or you can support practices that allow it to continue. There is no in-between. Someone can say they are 'not racist' and that can be a beautiful sentiment. But their behaviors will either work to reduce racial inequality or allow it to continue." AG: You are quite right that this Manichean formulation is indeed a recently-consolidated pillar (thanks to Kendi) of the anti-racist consensus. Having read and taught Jonathan Edwards's sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God," I recognize the totalizing jeremiadic language and the fundamentally evangelical, church-building purpose that underpins it. But I don't think that "anti-racism," boostered in this totalizing way, is the only way or the best way to improve the lives of Black people in America and move in the direction of the more perfect union that, for example, President Obama spoke so eloquently about. Rather than beginning the quest to improve ourselves by internally dividing ourselves as a polity with the help of powerful rhetoric--which is what your first sentence does-- I think we would do much better to begin by having a national conversation in which we begin with the ends: a vision, embraced in fellowship and peace, in which we say, "Where do we want to go as a country, as a people, and what would that feel like if we got there?"

Edited to add: I agree with a lot of the rest of your article. You are spot-on in your naming of the black intellectual cohort, from Coleman Hughes on down. I, too, have become a big fan of Loury and McWhorter. Huge fan, in fact. Interesting and thoughtful article, though. Thanks for it.

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Adam Gussow
Adam Gussow

Written by Adam Gussow

Husband, father, professor, author, musician, runner.

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